扩容磁盘与恢复分区

1 直接挂载新磁盘#

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fdisk /dev/sdc
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Command (m for help): n  创建新分区
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Select (default p): p # 创建主分区
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Partition number (2-4, default 2): 2 # 分区编号
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First sector (2048-62914558, default 2048):  # 第一个扇区
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Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-62914558, default 62914558):  #最后一个扇区
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Command (m for help): w # 保存
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mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdX1

查看分区

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lsblk
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NAME               MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
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sda                  8:0    0   500G  0 disk
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......
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sdb                  8:16   0   500G  0 disk
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sdc                  8:32   0    30G  0 disk
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├─sdc1               8:33   0   512B  0 part
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└─sdc2               8:34   0    30G  0 part

2 分区恢复#

2.1 删除分区#

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fdisk /dev/sdc
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Command (m for help): d # 删除分区
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Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2 # 分区号
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Command (m for help): w # 保存
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[root@caiwc-tst-67 /]# lsblk
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NAME               MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
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sdc                  8:32   0    30G  0 disk
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└─sdc1               8:33   0   512B  0 part
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sr0                 11:0    1     2G  0 rom

2.2 恢复数据#

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sudo yum install epel-release
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sudo yum install testdisk
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testdisk
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>[ Create ] Create a new log file
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>Disk /dev/sdc - 32 GB / 30 GiB - Virtual disk
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>[Intel  ] Intel/PC partition
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>[ Analyse  ] Analyse current partition structure and search for lost partitions
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[Quick Search] # 回车
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>* Linux                    1   0  1 30719  63 32   62912512 # 回车
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1 * Linux                    1   0  1 30719  63 32   62912512 # 回车
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# 等扫描完,按p
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Disk /dev/sdc - 32 GB / 30 GiB - CHS 30720 64 32
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Analyse cylinder 10256/30719: 33%
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  Linux                    1   0  1 30719  63 24   62912504
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  Linux                    1   0  1 30719  63 24   62912504
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  Linux                    1   0  1 30719  63 24   62912504
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  Linux                    1   0  1 30719  63 24   62912504
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  Linux                    1   0  1 30719  63 24   62912504
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  Linux                    1   0  1 30719  63 24   62912504
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# 选择要恢复的文件,按c复制
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   * Linux                    1   0  1 30719  63 32   62912512
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Directory /
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>drwxr-xr-x     0     0      4096 22-May-2025 10:50 .
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 drwxr-xr-x     0     0      4096 22-May-2025 10:50 ..
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 drwx------     0     0     16384 22-May-2025 10:45 lost+found
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 drwxr-xr-x     0     0      4096 22-May-2025 10:50 nginx_logs
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 drwxr-xr-x     0     0      4096 22-May-2025 10:50 redis
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 drwxr-xr-x     0     0      4096 22-May-2025 10:50 rocketmq
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 drwxr-xr-x     0     0      4096 22-May-2025 10:50 velero-minio
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 drwxr-xr-x     0     0      4096 22-May-2025 10:50 victoria
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# 选择要恢复的目录,按回车确定
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# 选择要恢复的目录,按回车确定
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Please select a destination where / and any files below will be copied.
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Keys: Arrow keys to select another directory
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      C when the destination is correct
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      Q to quit
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Directory /data
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>drwxr-xr-x     0     0        49  3-Apr-2025 10:02 .
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 dr-xr-xr-x     0     0      4096 22-May-2025 10:59 ..
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 drwx--x---     0     0       171 22-May-2025 11:09 docker

3 在原有分区扩容#

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# 查看磁盘信息
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lsblk
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NAME                             MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
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sda                                8:0    0     2T  0 disk
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├─sda1                             8:1    0   600M  0 part /boot/efi
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├─sda2                             8:2    0     1G  0 part /boot
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└─sda3                             8:3    0     2T  0 part
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  ├─almalinux_registry--100-root 253:0    0   120G  0 lvm  /
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  ├─almalinux_registry--100-home 253:1    0    20G  0 lvm  /home
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  └─almalinux_registry--100-data 253:2    0 358.4G  0 lvm  /data
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# 扩容到sda3
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parted /dev/sda
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GNU Parted 3.5
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Using /dev/sda
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Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
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(parted) resizepart 3 100%
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(parted) quit
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Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
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# 刷新分区信息
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Physical volume "/dev/sda3" changed
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1 physical volume(s) resized or updated / 0 physical volume(s) not resized
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# 等一段时间再次查看
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lsblk
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NAME                             MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
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sda                                8:0    0     2T  0 disk
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├─sda1                             8:1    0   600M  0 part /boot/efi
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├─sda2                             8:2    0     1G  0 part /boot
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└─sda3                             8:3    0     2T  0 part
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  ├─almalinux_registry--100-root 253:0    0   120G  0 lvm  /
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  ├─almalinux_registry--100-home 253:1    0    20G  0 lvm  /home
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  └─almalinux_registry--100-data 253:2    0 358.4G  0 lvm  /data

3.1 Lvm 扩容#

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# 查看
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vgs
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  VG                     #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree
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  almalinux_registry-100   1   3   0 wz--n- <2.00t 1.51t
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pvs
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  PV         VG                     Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree
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  /dev/sda3  almalinux_registry-100 lvm2 a--  <2.00t 1.51t
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lvs
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  LV   VG                     Attr       LSize    Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
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  data almalinux_registry-100 -wi-ao---- <358.41g
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  home almalinux_registry-100 -wi-ao----   20.00g
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  root almalinux_registry-100 -wi-ao----  120.00g
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# 扩展物理卷
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pvresize /dev/sda3
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# 扩容逻辑卷
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# lvextend -L +50G /dev/almalinux_registry-100/data  # 指定扩展量
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lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/almalinux_registry-100/data   # 使用全部剩余空间
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# 扩展文件系统
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#resize2fs /dev/almalinux_registry--100/data  # 适用于ext4文件系统
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xfs_growfs /data  # 适用于xfs文件系统
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# 查看
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lvs
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  LV   VG                     Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
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  data almalinux_registry-100 -wi-ao----   1.86t
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  home almalinux_registry-100 -wi-ao----  20.00g
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  root almalinux_registry-100 -wi-ao---- 120.00g

1 直接挂载新磁盘#

2 分区恢复#

2.1 删除分区#

2.2 恢复数据#

3 在原有分区扩容#

3.1 Lvm 扩容#

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